Leptospirosis is a serious bacterial infection that affects dogs and can also spread to humans. Since its early signs often resemble other common illnesses, quick recognition and treatment are essential to protect your dog’s health.
Early Stage Signs (First 4–12 Days)
In the initial stage, known as the leptospiremic phase, symptoms may include:
- Sudden fever
- Lethargy or unusual tiredness
- Shivering or stiffness
- Loss of appetite or reduced interest in food
These early signs can appear mild but should not be ignored.
When Organs Become Affected
As the disease progresses, it may start impacting the liver and kidneys, leading to:
- Increased thirst and frequent urination, later possibly reduced urination if kidney function declines
- Yellowing of the gums, skin, or eyes (jaundice)
- Vomiting and diarrhea, which can cause dehydration
- Muscle or joint soreness, making movement uncomfortable
Severe or Advanced Symptoms
In more critical cases, leptospirosis can lead to:
- Kidney or liver failure
- Breathing problems or coughing, sometimes due to internal bleeding in the lungs
- Eye inflammation, swelling, or fluid buildup under the skin
- Unexplained bleeding, such as nosebleeds or blood in urine/vomit
- Fluid accumulation in the chest or abdomen
Symptom Stages Overview
| Stage of Illness | Common Signs |
|---|---|
| Early Stage | Fever, lethargy, shivering, low appetite |
| Organ Involvement Stage | Thirst changes, vomiting, diarrhea, jaundice |
| Advanced Stage | Organ failure, respiratory issues, bleeding, swelling |
Why Early Detection Is Critical
Leptospirosis can progress rapidly, causing irreversible organ damage or even death if untreated. Catching symptoms early—especially fever, lethargy, and changes in drinking habits—gives your dog the best chance for recovery.
What to Do If You Suspect Leptospirosis
- Contact your veterinarian immediately
- Limit your dog’s contact with other pets and people
- Avoid touching urine or bodily fluids without protection
- Follow prescribed treatment plans and complete all medications
Bottom line: Awareness and quick action can save your dog’s life. If you notice any of these symptoms, seek veterinary help without delay.